Difference between revisions of "Energy"

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(→‎Energy generation)
(→‎Energy generation)
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== Energy generation ==
 
== Energy generation ==
  
−
=== Centralized ===
 
  
−
==== Solar updraft tower <ref>http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solar_updraft_tower</ref> ====
+
=== Solar updraft tower <ref>http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solar_updraft_tower</ref> ===
 +
 
 +
1 MW = 3,8 million EUR (+cost of land: approx 100,000-1,000,000) <ref>http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solar_updraft_tower</ref>
  
 
+ Low maintenance cost.  
 
+ Low maintenance cost.  
Line 17: Line 18:
 
-Takes in a relatively large amount of space.
 
-Takes in a relatively large amount of space.
  
−
-Solar has a variable output.
 
  
−
==== Solar power tower ====
+
=== Solar power tower ===
  
 
+Desalinizes water.  
 
+Desalinizes water.  
Line 26: Line 26:
  
 
-Solar has a variable output.
 
-Solar has a variable output.
 +
 +
=== PV panels ===
 +
1 MW = 1,8 million EUR (most sunny areas)
 +
 +
1 MW = 2,9 million EUR (least sunny areas)
 +
 +
The most important solar regions of Romania are the Black Sea coast, Dobrogea and Oltenia with an average of 1,600 kWh/ m2/year
 +
 +
960 kwh / m2 / year = 109 W m2<ref>http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solar_power_in_Romania</ref>
 +
 +
1 m2 = 200 eur<ref>http://www.zonnepanelen.nl/metdezon-a-merk-zonnepaneel-300-watt-piek.html</ref> = 109 W
 +
 +
+ Decentralized
 +
 +
- Variable output
  
 
== Energy use ==
 
== Energy use ==

Revision as of 04:51, 28 February 2013

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Energy can be saved through sharing appliances (for instance by using a beamer to watch film and television). Energy plays an important part in automation.

Contents

Energy generation

Solar updraft tower <ref>http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solar_updraft_tower</ref>

1 MW = 3,8 million EUR (+cost of land: approx 100,000-1,000,000) <ref>http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solar_updraft_tower</ref>

+ Low maintenance cost.

+ Uses greenhouses that can be used for agriculture.

+ Output is less variable compared to other solar methods

-Takes in a relatively large amount of space.


Solar power tower

+Desalinizes water.

+Contains a furnace (that can be used for melting iron for instance).

-Solar has a variable output.

PV panels

1 MW = 1,8 million EUR (most sunny areas)

1 MW = 2,9 million EUR (least sunny areas)

The most important solar regions of Romania are the Black Sea coast, Dobrogea and Oltenia with an average of 1,600 kWh/ m2/year

960 kwh / m2 / year = 109 W m2<ref>http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solar_power_in_Romania</ref>

1 m2 = 200 eur<ref>http://www.zonnepanelen.nl/metdezon-a-merk-zonnepaneel-300-watt-piek.html</ref> = 109 W

+ Decentralized

- Variable output

Energy use

  • Beamer

100-300 Watts. Can provide for +- 100 people. Per person: 2 Watt.<ref> http://www.energieverbruikers.nl/categorie/28/Beeld+en+geluid/Beamers </ref>

  • Small led television

57 Watt. Per person: 14-57 Watt.<ref> http://www.consumentenbond.nl/test/elektronica-communicatie/tv-en-video/televisies/extra/energieverbruik-tv/ </ref>

  • Xbox

185 Watts <ref> http://tweakers.net/nieuws/46446/energieverbruik-xbox-360-ps3-wii-vergeleken.html </ref>

  • Wii

18 Watts<ref> http://tweakers.net/nieuws/46446/energieverbruik-xbox-360-ps3-wii-vergeleken.html </ref>

  • Desktop (with peripherals):

60-250 Watts<ref>http://michaelbluejay.com/electricity/computers.html </ref>

  • Laptop:

40 Watts<ref>http://michaelbluejay.com/electricity/computers.html </ref>

  • Netbook:

16 Watts<ref>http://michaelbluejay.com/electricity/computers.html </ref>

  • Tablet (Ipad2)

1-3 Watts <ref>http://armdevices.net/wp-content/uploads/2012/04/nextgen_pixelqi_display.jpg </ref>

  • Iphone

Less than tablet<ref> http://cdn.macrumors.com/article-new/2012/09/iphone_5_energy_use_compared.jpg</ref>

  • Amplifier

40 Watts and up <ref>http://www.energieverbruikers.nl/categorie/195/2/Versterkers</ref>

  • DVD player

10 Watts and up


  • Nanolight (100W equivalent, 30,000 hours)

12 Watts <ref> http://www.thenanolight.com/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=38&Itemid=207 </ref>

  • Led lamp (50-60W equivalent, 50,000 hours)

6 Watts <ref> http://www.ledlampendirect.nl/led-e27-lamp-230-volt-6-watt-vervangt-50-60-watt-gloeilamp.html </ref>


  • Washing machine

0,81kwh/wash average 9 year average 500 EUR<ref>https://forum.www.trosradar.nl/viewtopic.php?f=51&t=125783 </ref> (If 10 people share one machine: 36 years = 200 EUR per person)

  • Dishwasher

175 Kwh <ref>http://www.nuon.nl/energie-besparen/artikelen-apparaten/verbruik-vaatwasser.jsp</ref>

  • Refrigerator

>12 Watt <ref>http://www.bestekeus.nl/product_info.php?pId=104095&ref=tt</ref> (374 L, no freezer, 700 EUR)

12 V refrigerator 4,7 Watt 50L (700 USD)<ref>http://www.sunshineworks.com/sundanzer-dc-refrigerator-50l.htm</ref>

Monetary cost

Solar updraft tower

5 USD per Watt, so 1 MW tower = 5 million USD <ref>http://climatetechwiki.org/technology/solar_towers</ref> (Schlaig 2005)

This report from Schlaig (1995) suggests a 1 MW tower would cost no less than 20 million USD.<ref>http://educypedia.karadimov.info/library/Solar%20Updraft%20Towers.pdf</ref> The data is older, but it does account for rising cost when plant is smaller.

Collector diameter +- 750 meter = 400,000 m2 = 100 acre (60 soccer pitches)<ref>http://educypedia.karadimov.info/library/Solar%20Updraft%20Towers.pdf</ref>

Land price US +- 1,000 - 10,000 USD per acre

Argentina < 8,000 USD per acre <ref> http://www.laht.com/article.asp?CategoryId=14093&ArticleId=363225 </ref>

100,000 - 1,000,000 for land

Cost of maintenance 40 years: +- 1,000,000 USD <ref> http://www.architecture.mit.edu/sites/all/files/attachments/lecture/SolarUpdraftTower_Project.pdf </ref>


100 W capacity per settler when the sun is shining. This means using anything other than a tablet / smartphone is advised against. Watching television by yourself or with a handful of people should also not be a habit.

A 1 MW solar plant will produce +- 0.25 MW average over a 24 hour day.<ref>http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PS10_solar_power_plant</ref>

References

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